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Krill AE, Wieland AM, Ostfeld AM. 
“The effect of two hallucinogenic agents on human retinal function”. 
AMA Arch. Ophth.. 1960;64:724-733.
Abstract
This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of 2 hallucinogenic drugs, and n-ethyl-3-piperidyl benzilate (JB-318) on retinal function in man and to relate possible retinal effects to hallucinations. Retinal function was tested with the electroretinogram and the dark-adaptation curve. Nineteen medical students with normal eyes participated in 40 experiments. To determine if retinal effects were dose dependent, 5 subjects were given low nonhallucinogenic doses of both drugs as well as larger hallucinogenic doses. Nonhallucinogenic analogues of both drugs were also used. . Significant changes in retinal function occurred only in those subjects that hallucinated. These changes were compatible with a mild toxic or hypoxic effect on the retina. . The author thinks that hallucinations following LSD and JB-318 "may be mediated, at least in part, through changes in retinal function. A previous report citing the failur of LSD (1 mcg/kg) to induce hallucinations in two blind subjects with optic nerve pathology lends support to this thesis". Hallucinogenic doses of LSD were 75-100 mcg. orally, the nonhallucinogenic dose 25 mcg. orally. . Comment: Regarding the effect of LSD on the electroretinogram of animals see 402.
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